J Clin Gynecol Obstet

Journal of Clinical Gynecology and Obstetrics, ISSN 1927-1271 print, 1927-128X online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Gynecol Obstet and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jcgo.org

Case Report

Volume 4, Number 1, March 2015, pages 179-183

Successful Surgical Removal of Symptomatic Intravenous Leiomyomatosis With Intracardiac Extension Completely Tamponating the Entire Right Atrium and Ventricle

Figures

Figure 1. Modified five-chamber view of intracardiac tumor in the right ventricle.

Figure 2. CT scan of the intracardiac tumor in the right ventricle.

Figure 3. Intraoperative preparation.

Table

**Table 1.** Differential Diagnosis of IVL
Differential diagnosis	Diagnostic characteristics	Literature
Primary cardiac tumors, e.g. atrial myxoma	Typically limited to the heart chambers and not affecting IVC [16, 20], often attached to interatrial septum [21, 22]	Peng et al [20] Bender et al [21] Harris et al [16] Cleveland et al [22]
Tumor thrombus (bland or origin of other intraabdominal tumors)	No enhancement after contrast fluid in CT scan [20, 21] or MRI [23], no Doppler signal in US [23]	Bender et al [21] Peng et al [20] Fasih et al [23]
IVL	Women with history of uterine myoma [9, 24] Not adhesive with wall of vessels [9, 20] If there is a mass in heart normally with continuation in IVC [9] Often spindle-shaped masses, regular margin and clear boundary [20]	Xu et al [9] Peng et al [20] Liu et al [24]
Leiomyosarcoma	Adherent to IVC [16], arise from the wall of IVC, typical heterogeneous enhancement in contrast-enhanced MRI venography, often necrosis within the tumor [25] Only proven by histology [16] Can occur also in men [25]	Harris et al [16] Huang et al [25]