Journal of Clinical Gynecology and Obstetrics, ISSN 1927-1271 print, 1927-128X online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Gynecol Obstet and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website http://www.jcgo.org

Original Article

Volume 4, Number 4, December 2015, pages 283-289


Dysmenorrhea as a Risk Factor for Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. The relationship between intensity of adolescent dysmenorrhea and severity of nausea and vomiting.
Figure 2.
Figure 2. The relationship between intensity of adult dysmenorrhea and severity of nausea and vomiting.

Tables

Table 1. Relationship Between Adolescent Dysmenorrhea and Hyperemesis Gravidarum
 
Nausea and vomitingPresence dysmenorrheaAbsence dysmenorrheaTotal
P < 0.0001 (OR: 4.57, 95% CI: 2.34 - 8.92).
Absence49 (43.3%)64 (56.7%)113
Mild37 (67.3%)18 (32.7%)55
Moderate73 (70.0%)31 (30.0%)104
Severe56 (77.8%)16 (22.2%)72
Total215129344

 

Table 2. Relationship Between Adult Dysmenorrhea and Hyperemesis Gravidarum
 
Nausea and vomitingPresence dysmenorrheaAbsence dysmenorrheaTotal
P < 0.0001 (OR: 5.30, 95% CI: 2.74 - 10.22).
Absence43 (38.1%)70 (61.9%)113
Mild31 (56.4%)24 (43.6%)55
Moderate60 (57.7%)44 (42.2%)104
Severe55 (76.4%)17 (23.6%)72
Total189155344

 

Table 3. Nausea and Vomiting and Intensity and Hyperemesis Gravidarum
 
Nausea and vomitingAbsence dysmenorrheaMild dysmenorrheaModerate dysmenorrheaSevere dysmenorrheaTotal
P < 0.0001 (OR: 9.38, 95% CI: 3.97 - 22.18).
Absence62 (55%)5 (4%)31 (28%)15 (13%)113
Mild18 (33%)3 (5%)24 (44%)10 (18%)55
Moderate31 (30%)3 (3%)33 (32%)37 (35%)104
Severe16 (22%)5 (7%)17 (24%)34 (47%)72
Total1271610596344

 

Table 4. Nausea and Vomiting and Intensity of Adult Dysmenorrhea
 
Nausea and vomitingAbsence dysmenorrheaMild dysmenorrheaModerate dysmenorrheaSevere dysmenorrheaTotal
P < 0.0001 (OR: 11.56, 95% CI: 4.53 - 29.44).
Absence69 (61%)8 (7%)26 (23%)10 (8%)113
Mild24 (44%)3 (5%)21 (38%)7 (13%)55
Moderate44 (42%)6 (6%)36 (35%)18 (17%)104
Severe17 (24%)5 (6%)20 (28%)30 (42%)72
Total1542210365344